What is a claim or right owned known as?

A claim or right owned is referred to as an encumbrance because it represents a legal claim or restriction on the ownership of property. Encumbrances can take various forms, including mortgages, liens, and easements, and they signify that there are certain rights or interests held by someone other than the property owner that might affect the use or transfer of the property.

In this context, a voluntary lien is a type of encumbrance that is created with the consent of the property owner, such as a mortgage, while an involuntary lien is imposed without the owner's consent, often due to legal judgments. Although both types of liens are encumbrances, they are more specific categories rather than a broad term. An easement is also a type of encumbrance, but it specifically refers to the right to use another person's land for a specified purpose. Therefore, while both easements and liens are forms of encumbrances, the term "encumbrance" broadly encompasses all claims or rights that affect property ownership.